Ichthyoses
The ichthyoses are a group of inherited or acquired skin disorders caused by a fault in cornification, the process by which skin cells mature into the outer horny layer. Instead of shedding naturally, these cells keep building up on the surface, forming dry, thick, rough scales that resemble fish scales. Beyond the cosmetic and emotional burden, the condition seriously weakens the skin barrier, increasing the risk of dehydration and secondary infection.
At Haute-Derma, we tailor treatment to the clinical type and severity of each patient's ichthyosis, aiming to repair the skin barrier, soften the scaling and improve quality of life.
In-Depth Diagnosis of Ichthyosis at Haute-Derma
To build the best treatment plan, our dermatologists use a comprehensive diagnostic workup that combines:
- Full clinical examination: We assess the scale (color, size, coarse or fine), where it occurs (skin folds, palms, soles or the whole body), and look for associated changes in the hair, nails or eyes.
- Dermoscopy: Magnified examination of the skin surface shows the pattern of scaling and the underlying blood vessels, helping to distinguish ichthyosis from other inflammatory skin conditions.
- Skin biopsy: In selected cases, a small skin sample is examined under the microscope to assess the thickness of the horny layer and whether the granular layer is present.
- Family history: Because most forms of ichthyosis are inherited, drawing up a family tree is key to identifying the type.
- Genetic testing: DNA analysis pinpoints the responsible mutation (for example, FLG in ichthyosis vulgaris or STS in X-linked ichthyosis), which is invaluable for prognosis and genetic counseling.
Managing and Treating Ichthyosis at Haute-Derma
We use a multimodal approach that combines evidence-based medicine with advanced skin-care technology:
- Topical therapy (clearing and maintenance phases): High-strength keratolytics such as alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), salicylic acid, urea or propylene glycol, combined with emollients rich in ceramides and cholesterol to rebuild the skin's lipid barrier.
- Systemic keratinization regulators: Oral retinoids (such as acitretin) are prescribed for moderate to severe congenital ichthyosis to normalize keratinocyte differentiation.
- Preventing and controlling infection: Gentle antiseptic washes, or topical or systemic antibiotics when cracked skin becomes secondarily infected.
- Managing associated problems: Advice on bathing (lukewarm water, no harsh alkaline soaps) and using a humidifier at home to keep transepidermal water loss (TEWL) to a minimum.
